Bias by headline and by pictures;
This example shows a play on words 'cor-bin' is giving negative connotations to Corbin and presents Jeremy Corbin in a bin suggesting he is 'rubbish' and trash which shows the papers right wings views towards labour. The photo also influences the readers interpretation of Jeremy because it is showing him in a bin down a local, average street giving the impression that Corbin is common and possibly cannot bring anything different or special to politics anymore than anyone else can.
This representation has been suggested solely by the image and headline without having to read any other information. This is showing the writer/ the suns opinion on Corbin and his place within politics (left wing views).
The second paper is clearly Labour supporters, again this is evident due to the headline and image. An unflattering photo has been used of Theresa May which could be implying the mess she would make of our country. By using a plain back ground the brings the focal pointe and most attention to the image of Theresa May. Then the repetition of the negative word lies before saying Theresa May is showing the papers overall opinion on the Tory's that they lie and are fake.
Other ways to spot bias in the news;
Camera angles-
In this image for example
Word choice-
Bias through choice of Journalist and sources - Who is writing it and what are their beliefs, and who have they got their information from?
Biased through where the article is in the paper - Is it prominent or hidden? Front page or far back?
Bias by use of names and titles.
Bias through statistics and Crowd counts - E.g. 'A hundred injured in air crash' or 'Only Minor injuries in an Air crash.'
The Licensing
of the Press Act 1662 is an Act of the Parliament of England.
Tax on newspapers 1711
The first bill in parliament advocating a tax on
newspapers was proposed in 1711
The Observer
The Observer is a British newspaper published on Sundays. Same
political views as sister papers.
Reduction of the stamp tax of 1836
In 1836 the campaigners had their first success when
the 4d. tax on newspapers was reduced to 1d.
‘Golden age’ of newspaper publication
From 1860 until around 1910 is considered a 'golden age' of newspaper
publication, with technical advances in printing and communication combined
with a professionalization of journalism and the prominence of new owners.
Profits from advertising
ITV profit falls as advertising revenue slips. ITV has
reported a 14% fall in annual pre-tax profits to £553m as advertising
revenues declined by 3%.
The press council
The press council was a British voluntary press organisation founded under threat of statutory regulation
as the general council.
The independent
The independent is a British online newspaper. Established
in 1986 as an independent national morning newspaper published in
London.
Phone hacking scandal
The News International phone-hacking scandal is a controversy
involving the now defunct News of the World and other British newspapers
published by News International, a subsidiary of News Corporation. Employees
of the newspaper were accused of engaging in phone hacking
Decline in newspaper circulations
The decline of newspapers has been widely debated,
as the industry has faced dropping newsprint prices, slumping ad sales, the
loss of much classified advertising and precipitous drops in circulation.
Newspapers including the following topics: - Pro Corbyn - Anti - Corbyn - Pro May - Anti - May - Pro Trump - Anti - Trump - Pro Brexit - Anti - Brexit - Immigration - Muslims - Refugee Crisis. - Free schools? - Rich VS Poor ft. Grenfall - NHS funding - Strikes - Mass Shooting - US Gun Laws - ISIS
How do the Newspapers represent the issues/ topics?
Each of the newspapers use large stand out text in either black or white on the opposing colour background, it also includes images which either represent the article positively or negatively. The first newspaper
How does the selection of images and language shape and influence the audience?
What is the cumulative effect of these "repeated patterns or representation over long periods?"
The representations suggested by this post give the impression that the main image is of a teenager/ youth who has caused trouble in a riot, this immediately makes the reader think negatively of people who look like this and stereotype them to be a certain person and act a certain way. Along with the figure of the man, other key influences which change the way the audience think is the link between the fire behind the man and the key words 'Riots spread across London' the word link could be referring to multiple think; one being the spread of the fire, also the spread of 'thugs' within the riot.
When looking in more detail into the article we find out that the man wasn't a youth at all and was in fact a 35 year old man, also the photo is in fact photos shopped as 2 separate images mixed together to therefore build up more representations and stereotypes.
The target audience is represented by the ads based around the main story which suggest a lower class family.
The sun is bright and starts the day.
Mainly C, D, and E.
For this front cover the sun has used a play on words by linking the image to the word 'heel', initially when seeing this I didn't understand how this imaged tied to the story but when you look in more detail 'heel' is something you would command to a horse, so by saying 'heel, boys' it suggests that Theresa has power over them. Giving the representation that Theresa is finally making a stand (can also link to image of her standing) and talking power and authority over the Tories to 'reunite' them and she has the aim to 'deliver Brexit'.
However this could be viewed in a completely different way, such as the shoes representing that women only care about their appearance and how they come across in the public eye. The image emphasises the importance of her appearance.
Similarly the graphology of this cover of her standing on top of the Tory MPs who are beneath her could again be showing her importance and dominance.
Red tops tend to have more modern fonts this for example is using Sans Serif.
Overall the representation of gender in this tabloid cover is very stereotypical in the sense that the appearance of a woman is constantly judged rather than her political achievements. It would be extremely rare that you would see a male leader represented in this way on a front cover of a paper with an image of an item of their clothing with a small, minor image of them in the bottom. Even though sexual dominance is suggested this may not be recognised by all readers as it is under and hard to understand at a quick glance.
Papers such as The daily mail, The telegraph, The times, and the sun.
Those who believe that what you earn from work is rightfully yours and should be yours to keep (anti tax)
Those who have the best education and are rich/ wealthy deceiver to live a better quality of life (survival of the fittest)
Believe in private health care and education and should be self paid for.
Against wealth fare state such as benefits.
In favour of Brexit.
Anti- immigration.
Many would have voted against equal rights and same sex relationships.
Have Christian and Church beliefs.
The middle;
Liberal Democrats
The Independent
Support aspects of both Right Wing and Left Wing.
Left Wing;Labour Party, Green Party, Socialist Worker Party, Communism
Papers such as The Guardian and The Mirror.
Believe in spreading the wealth, everyone being equal.
Tax the rich more in order to hep support the poor.
Support nationalisation, pay for schools and health care.
Pro- Europe, Anti- Brexit.
Pro-immigration
Agree with same sex marriage, women's rights, etc.
Care about the environment and climate change.
UK Press;
Have been described as being extremely right wing due to them being part of the population who have wealth and 'defend the status-quo they are part of', also if you do have left wing views the media will turn dramatically against you. - Owen Jones, Guardian reporter - March 2017.
Newspapers can be biased by a number of ways such as through the images they use, the graphology (layout of page), the title, stats, crowd counts, lexical choice and also the political side they support and write from.
Newspaper's circulation: is the number of copies it distributes on an average day. Circulation is one of the principal factors used to set advertising rates. Circulationis not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since some newspapers are distributed without cost to the reader. Newspaper readership: is the people who read or are thought to read a particular newspaper.
When looking at and comparing the previous information there is some information which particularly makes certain newspapers stand out from others, such as; (these key features are highlighted)
The sun has the highest print circulation and print readership, whereas the guardian has the lowest in both of these.
The daily mail has the highest online circulation and readership and the times has the lowest. This gives a slight indication on the age range of people who read either the daily mail or the times.
The social media circulation/readership varies based on which social networking site it is. if you look at Facebook you can see that the daily mail is the most popular with the highest score, and the times is the lowest suggestion that they are very print out based. The guardian is the highest for both twitter and Instagram and the daily express is the lowest. Again this shows the sort of age and social class of the readers.
The telegraph has the largest amount of older readers with is expected when looking at other stats for this newspaper. The independent has the lowest number folder readers suggesting that this paper is aimed at a younger audience.
In 1965 some media researchers analysed international news stories to find out what kind of stories came top of the news 'agenda' worldwide. Their findings led them to creating a list of 'news values' - A kind of scoring system. A story that scores highly on each news value is very likely to make the front page, or the start of a TV news bulletin.
Gate keeping- Editing and filtering process which allows some information to pass through to the audience and some to remain barred.
Media Frameworks - LIAR - Language, Industries, Audience, Representations
Genre - A type or category
Genre Analysis - DISTINCT - Describe, In detail, Setting (location, time of day etc..), Themes (E.g. Love, good vs Evil etc..), Icons (significant objects), Narrative (plot), Characters, Textual analysis (Camera, editing, sound, Mise en Scene)
Semiotics - The study of signs - Something that symbolises another thing - E.g. Red can be seen as anger or love.
Denotation - The literal meaning
Connotation - What the denotation implies - read between the lines.
Mise on scene - CLAMPS - Costume, Lighting, Actors, Make-up, Props, Settings.
Audience - Anyone who watches the media.
Demographic profiling - putting the audience into categories by age, money and occupation.
Psychographic profiling - Putting the audience into categories by what they are looking to find in media.
1) What was the task you were given and who was your target audience? As the audience wasn't typical of the product how did you manage to sell it? What was the name of your brand? We were given the task of creating an advert for middle aged men's sweets. In order to appeal to this age range we focused on changing and adapting the setting, flavour of sweets, costumes and actors to make sure they were all relatable and were liked by the target audience. We named our brand 'SuperMints- the mints that make a man' , we did this firstly because our main product we are trying to sell are mints, we repeated the word mint twice is order to make our product stick in peoples head therefore remembering the product, we used a simple yet catchy slogan to also do this. We chose to call the brand super mints because at first glace it looks like superman, then going on to say the mints that make a man, suggesting that in order to be a (super) man you need to eat these mints.
2) Who did you work with and how did you divide the research, planning, filming and responsibilities?
In my group was me, Calvin, Jen, and Jack, we tried to stick to our original jobs however we changed slightly. Jack took upon the role of being the actor, collecting props and writing our initial ideas on the blog, Jen was the co-director, editor and helped to come up with ideas, Calvin designed the product packet, edited, acted and he also helped to record some camera shots and planned the best angles. I mainly directed the advert, and recorded the shots, however I also helped to collect some props and wrote on the blog.
3) How did you plan your sequence?
Firstly, I made a ruff story board so that we had an idea of timings and the different camera angles, meanwhile Calvin wrote out the recording schedule. We spent the first two days recording the footage we could film whilst we waited for the muscle suit to arrive on Wednesday, we then stayed after school on Tuesday to edit the footage we had so that we had an idea of how much longer our advert ended to last for. On Wednesday and Thursday we finished recording and did more editing during the day. Finally, on Friday we finished editing and uploaded our blog to YouTube.
4) What research and planning did you undertake?
After discussing our brand and product, myself and Jen found YouTube videos which were similar to what we wanted to create and achieve which had a similar audience. We decided what we needed and who we needed so we all went out and brought in what we needed in order to start recording (Jack- suit and muscle suit, Calvin- suit and packet, Holly- fruitellas). After this we made our, story board, shot list, script and prop list in order to start recording.
5) What was you initial feedback? What did others say about your production? How successful was your sequence?
After showing the teacher our original advert she said that we needed to have more variation with the video and audio transitions and effects, which we worked on edited, and changed to make our sequence look like it could feature of TV. From the audience feedback everyone seemed to like and enjoy it and think the music timing was good, also the transitions worked well. 6) Identify what went well and with hindsight what you do to improve/do differently.
I think that overall our advert went well, also our planning and filming went very smoothly and we managed to easily get all of the shots we needed. I think we worked well as a group and managed to share roles fairly well, however to improve I think we could have tried some of our shots in different settings were it is more built up so that it look more realistic, for example the bus scene and walking down the hall. 7) What have you learnt from completing this task (groups skills, communication, compromise, using your initiative, creative input, production skills, editing etc)
From doing this I think I have improved when working in a team, meaning making compromises and listening to other peoples ideas, I have also learnt some new camera angles and when is a good time to use them, for example it was Calvin's idea to do the shot which followed the hand when grabbing the mints which I think worked really well and would be something I could use in future tasks. I also now know how to use more of the effects and can confidently change and play with the audio in order to change the level of sound to fade in and out. 8) Looking ahead, how will this learning be significant when completing your future productions?
In the future productions, I feel like whoever I am put with in a group I will be able to work with well and also be able to make a more effective, realistic end product. I think that when planning in the future I will be able to make a lot more contributions and help to develop the product.
MAOAM - I like how this advert uses the idea of eating the maoam and his personality changing as it shows that by eating it your day with go from boring and average to fun a interesting (be free/let go). We are going to try to follow a similar concept to this for our advert.
TREBOR - We got the idea of creating mint range and like the idea and concept of this advert. We are going to try to use similar camera angles to the ones in this clip as it looks really affective and interesting.
HARIBO - I like how child voices where used in the adults body for this advert because it is fun and entertaining for the audience, also it makes the advert memorable. It also suggests that adults feel like kids again when they new eating them which we might recreate in a similar way and take influences from.
CADBURY - This advert follows the similar ideas and concepts that we want to achieve in our advert, for example I like the story line throughout this clip which we may try to recreate in a similar way.
Sweets Planning Mint:
Mystery
flavours- old school hard boiled sweets
Minty
Lemon
Sherbert
Minty
toffee
Mystery-
Beer, cider or cocktail (mojito)
"mints
that make a man"- slogan
Man:
Superman
under suit
Mint
completely changes him
In a
busy area- pops the mint and then becomes 'superman' and bowls it down
street
his
outlook on life changes
Monday- Filming
Tuesday- Filming
Wednesday- Filming
Thursday- Editing
Friday- evaluation
Jack- Actor
Jen- Props/blog
Holly- organiser/ producer
Calvin- notes/ director
I started to practice how some of the editing would work for the final advert, so I downloaded an app called burstio and used the camera on my phone to create a burst to give a ruff idea of the final outcome we was aiming to achieve, the video follows;
For this task we were put into groups (me, Olivia, Jack) and had to investigate and film all of the different camera shots and angles which worked well.
I think we worked well as a group and listened to one another to work out the best way of filming this task. We decided that Jack and Olivia would be in the clips as they were most comfortable in front of the camera and me and Olivia gave a short description of what each shot was and what it is used for. We all took it in turns to film so that we all had knowledge of the camera shots/ angles also so that we each knew how to work the camera for future tasks.
Overall, I think that this task went ell because we managed to film every shot, work well together and know know each type of shot and what it is done/used for.
For this task, each group got assigned a certain advert to remake to look as similar to the original as possible. My group got given the second half (17 seconds) of the club advert which lasted for 11 seconds, even though our section was only short there was a lot of clips and camera angles which took time to select and repeat.
During this task I mainly edited the clips and tried to make sure they were all as accurate to the advert itself. I did this by changing the size, colour and timings of the clips to aim to make the video flow as best it could.
Our first scene was of a man wheeling in a wheelbarrow into the park with people walking and skating along the path next to him. To shoot this we required some props so we went and borrowed a wheelbarrow on sight, also I brought in my roller-skates to make the video as close to the original as I could. We then looked at the setting of the scene and whereabouts resembled it the most within the school grounds, deciding that behind the dance studio was the most similar. The first shot was crab right giving the effect of following the wheelbarrow along. This lasted for 2 seconds which we made sure we replicated in our video.
The next clip was of the man (Niamh) singing along to the theme song with people in the background which was a medium shot lasting for 1 second, normally used in conversation.
The next two clips only lasted for 1 second each as they was a close up (of the duck) and a big close up (the baby) just showing more of the setting and who is there which helps to set the scene and seem as though the advert is set in a real life situation.
The following section of a girl and her dog is split into three 1 second clips where the camera angle is head on. the first clip you see a long shot of the girl and her dog to show the body language and setting, this then goes into a close up of the dog running which is an effective way to showing movement without the camera having to follow the dog itself. The final part of this section is a close up of the girl being pulled by her dog off screen, this has given the impression that the individual scenes of the girl and her dog are happening at the same time because of how they have jumped from one to the other.
Finally in the last clip there is a group of people in a park which finishes with the hand holding the chocolate bar punching through the centre of the screen.
I think that there was a lot of successful parts of our advert such as how we managed to stick to the correct timings, get similar settings and how well the clips blended together giving it an overall finished look. However, some of our camera angles and lens movements weren't exactly the same as the original, for example in the last scene the camera started zoomed in and higher up but as the camera turn't left it zoomed out and moved downwards whereas we didn't do this as we was on a strict time scale. Also one other thing we could have improved if we had more time was as the hand punching through the screen as we could have changed the colour of the hand as it had turned green as we filmed it in the greenroom and if we had more time we could have re filmed it to make it the correct colour and worked out how to make the chocolate bar flash different colours at the end.
